The Count of Things

Bluebulb Projects' The Measure of Things presents:

It's about the number of Moons in our Solar System.

In other words, the count of Moons in our Solar System is 1.03 times 142.

(2015 figures) (confirmed moons only; dwarf planet satellites not included)
Astronomers and other scientists have confirmed the presence of 146 moons orbiting the major planets of our Solar System. About one third of those moons — 53 — are in orbit around the planet Saturn

It's about one-and-one-tenth times the number of Union Stations in the United States.

In other words, 142 is 1.05 times the count of Union Stations in the United States, and the count of Union Stations in the United States is 0.952 times that amount.

(a.k.a. Union Terminal; a.k.a. Joint Station; a.k.a. Union Depot) (2016 figures)
Typically shared between multiple railroad companies and stations, there are about 135 "Union Stations" in the United States. Of these, the busiest station is Chicago Union Station, which handles 120,000 passengers each year.

It's about one-and-one-fifth times the number of Elements on the Periodic Table.

In other words, the count of Elements on the Periodic Table is 0.833 times 142.

(a.k.a. Periodic Table of the Elements, a.k.a chemical elements) (confirmed elements as of 2016)
From element number one, hydrogen, to element one-hundred eighteen, ununoctium, there are 118 confirmed elements on the Periodic Table. Ninety-four of the elements exist in nature, and the remaining twenty-four have only been synthesized in labs (not having occurred naturally in the time since scientists have begun researching them)

It's about four-fifths the number of John Wayne films.

In other words, 142 is 0.798 times the count of John Wayne films, and the count of John Wayne films is 1.25 times that amount.

(a.k.a. "Duke", a.k.a. JW, a.k.a. Marion Mitchell Morrison, a.k.a. Marion Robert Morrison, a.k.a. Duke Morrison) (films starring the actor in any size role)
Known for his distinctive voice and walk, Oscar-winning Western actor John Wayne appeared in 178 films between 1926 and 1976. He was said to have the lead role in 142 of those films.

It's about one-and-two-fifths times the number of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park.

In other words, 142 is 1.37 times the count of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park, and the count of Wolves in Yellowstone National Park is 0.73 times that amount.

(a.k.a. Henihco'oo; a.k.a. Héetíhco'oo) (December 2014 figures; Wyoming Park area)
As of the 2014 population count, there were 104 wolves living in Yellowstone National Park, in twelve packs. All of the wolves now living in the Park are thought to have descended from the 66 wolves (re)introduced into the Park in 1995-96.

It's about seven-tenths the number of Bones in the Human Body.

In other words, 142 is 0.689 times the count of Bones in the Human Body, and the count of Bones in the Human Body is 1.45 times that amount.

(adult, excluding sesamoid bones and ossicles)
The adult human body contains 206 bones. A newborn's body contains more bones — 270 — with unfused bone segments in the legs, arms, head, and face.

It's about one-and-three-fifths times the number of Keys on a Piano.

In other words, the count of Keys on a Piano is 0.63 times 142.

(Moden layout; A₀ to C₇)
Most modern keyboards have 88 keys, comprising seven octaves and an additional major third. A full-size, acoustic piano may have as many as 12,000 separate parts.